Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Assessing Transformational Leadership Style

Abstract

Transformational leadership is about bringing change to the organization and its people. This research study aimed to develop a reliable and valid tool to measure the transformational leadership style of leaders in higher education institutions in Pakistan. The process proposed by Kalkbrenner and Gormley was used to develop the scale. A 71-item pool was constructed and refined using experts’ reviews.  Content validity was ensured by the content validity index. After the content validity index, 32 items were retained. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to ensure the construct validity of the scale. After EFA, three factors emerged i.e., Charismatic, Visionary, and Challenger, containing 14 items. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the model fit with 14 items and three subscales; (Charismatic = six items), (Visionary = four items) and (Challenger = four items). Cronbach’s Alpha value was 0.93. It is recommended that this tool may be used to collect data regarding transformational leadership styles in the Pakistani context.